1. Cách dùng Spend
Cấu trúc Spend dùng để chỉ khoảng thời gian đã sử dụng, dành ra, tiêu tốn thời gian để làm việc gì đó. Cấu trúc Spend còn được gọi với cái tên “cấu trúc dành thời gian để làm gì”.
2. Cấu trúc Spend trong tiếng Anh
Cấu trúc: S + spend + time/money + V-ing
→ Spend dùng để diễn tả việc tiêu tốn tiền vào một việc nào đó.
Eg. Spend something I’ve spent all my money already.
→ Mà tôi đã tiêu hết tiền rồi.
Eg. Spend something on something/on doing something She spent $100 on a new dress.
→ Cô ấy đã chi 100 đô la cho một chiếc váy mới.
Eg. Spend (something doing something) The company has spent thousands of dollars updating their computer systems.
→ Công ty đã chi hàng ngàn đô la cập nhật các hệ thống máy tính của họ.
Eg. I just can’t seem to stop spending.
→Tôi dường như không thể ngừng chi tiêu.
Eg. He spends a lot of time cleaning her classroom.
→ Anh ấy dành rất nhiều thời gian để dọn dẹp phòng học của mình.
Eg. My father spent years building up him collection.
→ Bố của tôi đã dành nhiều năm để xây dựng lên bộ sưu tập của ông ấy.
Eg. We have spent $69 million raising funds for charity.
→Chúng tôi dành 69 tỷ đô để gây quỹ từ thiện
3. Cách sử dụng các cấu trúc Spend
Cấu trúc: S + Spend + time/money + on + N/something + …
→ Người nào đó dành ra bao nhiêu thời gian, tiền bạc vào một thứ gì đó.
| Example | Ken spends 3 hours on her homework. |
Cấu trúc: S + Spend + time/money + (on) + Doing…
→ Người nào đó dành ra bao nhiêu thời gian, tiền bạc để làm việc nào đó.
| Example | Jim spends a lot of money repairing his car. |
| Example | We spend three hours cleaning our house |
Chú ý: Spend chia động từ theo thời của câu và theo chủ ngữ đứng phía trước.
Cách viết lại câu với cấu trúc Spend
Một số cách sử dụng cấu trúc Spend time trong tiếng Anh.
Cách viết lại câu với cấu trúc Spend
1. Viết lại câu từ Spend sang Waste
Spend = Waste = tiêu tốn
Cấu trúc: S + Spend + time/money + (on) + Ving/N…
→ S + Waste + time/money + (on) + Ving/N…
E.g. I spend a lot of time on day – dreaming.
→ Tôi dành rất nhiều thời gian để mơ mộng.
E.g. I waste a lot of time on day – dreaming.
→ Tôi tốn rất nhiều thời gian để mơ mộng.
2. Viết lại câu từ Spend sang It take
Cấu trúc: S + Spend + time/money + Ving/N…
→ It takes + somebody + time/money + to Vinf…
E.g. She spent hours trying to repair the car.
→ Cô ấy đã dành nhiều giờ để cố gắng sửa chữa chiếc xe.
E.g. It took her hours to try to repair the car.
→ Cô ấy đã dành nhiều giờ để cố gắng sửa chữa chiếc xe.
3. Một số cấu trúc khác của Spend
Cấu trúc: S + Spend + something + Ving + something…
E.g. My parents spent about $500 rebuilding the house.
→ Bố mẹ của tôi đã dành khoảng 500 đô để sửa chữa lại ngôi nhà.
Cấu trúc: S + Spend + something + on + something…
E.g. Tom is spending more on clothings than he used to.
→ Tom đang dành rất nhiều cho quần áo hơn trước kia.
Chú ý: Sau 2 cấu trúc trên của Spend có thể đi kèm sau đó là “with someone”.
Thành ngữ sử dụng với Spend
Cấu trúc: Spend the night with somebody
E.g. My daughter’s spending the night with a friend.
→ Con gái tôi dành cả đêm qua với một người bạn.
Cấu trúc: Also spend the night together
→ Cùng qua đêm với nhau
Cấu trúc: To stay with someone for a night.
→ Ở lại với ai đó trong một đêm.
So sánh spend và take
Cấu trúc khác của Spend: Spend itself = stop (dừng lại)
E.g. Fortunately, the tsunami finally spent itself.
→ May mắn thay, cơn sóng thần đã dừng lại.
Cấu trúc It takes
Có 2 cách sử dụng cấu trúc It takes:
- Để chỉ khối lượng thời gian cần thiết đối với bất kỳ ai để thực hiện, hoàn thành công việc nhất định. Khối lượng thời gian đó có thể là ước chừng hoặc là con số cụ thể.
- Để chỉ khối lượng thời gian cần thiết đối với một đối tượng cụ thể để thực hiện, hoàn thành công việc nhất định.
Cấu trúc: It takes/ took (sb) + time + to V
→ Ai đó dành/mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm việc gì.
E.g.
- It takes years to learn to play guitar. – Cần nhiều năm để học chơi guitar.
- It took me one hour to cook. – Tôi dành một giờ để nấu ăn.
- It takes Jill 10 minutes to put on her makeup. – Jill dành 10 phút để makeup.
- It takes us 30 minutes to walk to school. – Chúng tôi mất 30 phút để đi tới trường.
Bài tập sử dụng cấu trúc Spend
Bài tập 1: Khoanh tròn vào đáp án đúng
1. My father often … 8 hours a day working in the factory.
A. Spends
B. Spent
2. You should not … The whole day on computer games.
A. To waste
B. Waste
3. Jim spends a little time … His homework.
A. On
B. In
4. Girls often waste hours … Buying one pair of shoes.
A. On
B. In
5. How long did you spend on …?
A. Doing your housework
B. To do your housework
6. My sister always … Money on clothes.
A. Waste
B. Wastes
Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc phù hợp
1. We often spend 30 minutes reviewing our lesson before class.
2. I spend two hours doing my homework everyday.
3. It takes Jess 30 minutes to remove her makeup everyday.
4. I spent one hour and 40 minutes watching the “EXIT” movie in the cinema.
5. They used to walk to school in half an hour.
6. Son Naeun spent 5 days visiting Danang.
7. She spends 20 minutes washing her dog every week.
Bài tập 3: Hoàn thành những câu sau sử dụng Spend/Spend time/Spend money
1. At the same time, credit card companies and hire purchase outfits are queuing up to let us _____ we don’t have yet.
2. It’s not like me or my friends ever had any real money to _____ at the mall.
3. Corporate America’s reluctance to _____and hire has been the biggest drag on this lackluster recovery.4.
4. The ten celebrities will _____ two weeks in Australia surviving on rice and water.
5. The average _____per child is continuing to rise year-on-year.
6. The total _____ on both the games and the advertising for the Third Place campaign is around €3 million.
7. Most of its advertising _____ goes to local newspapers, much of it in Britain, and to local radio stations.
8. We had an average _____ of 500 euro per year on new books
9. People who _____ that much money are looking for a return on their investment.
10. It’s not just a matter of how much money you _____ on a film.
11. This has been achieved by increasing customer numbers and their average _____ .
12. Health Boards around the country lowered their advertising _____ by up to 50 per cent in recent months in order to trim costs.
13. We _____ a lot of energy trying to be in fashion
14. By now there should be nobody who doesn’t agree that how much money we _____ per pupil makes a difference.
15. ‘They _____ a lot of time with Bradley and I just filled up when they told me what they were doing,’ she said.
16. Being a board member of our local animal shelter, I know that much of the money we _____ on vet services goes to vaccinations.
17. Moreover, the average _____ by overseas visitors in the county is significantly less than in other regions.
18. They hire their own publicity people and they go out and _____ on their own too.
19. I’d _____ whatever money I had to hire investigators to come down, to follow people, to look at every lead they have.
20. On the weekends, whenever I got paid I would _____ all my money in the bar.
21. So adults had more money to _____ on goods and services and invest in their families’ education.
22. Microsoft group marketing manager Nick McGrath likens the _____ to the amount used in launching a new car.
23. Our hope is that we don’t have to actually _____ all the money.
24. Last week the town council passed a motion to _____ a day picking up litter around the town.
25. The Government also spent less per person on health in 2001 than the average _____ of 30 countries surveyed in the report.
26. This still amounts to an aggregate _____ of several million.
27. The company carefully monitors the effectiveness of its advertising _____ and monitors the sites from which punters travel to place bets.
28. While some complaint of London prices, the average _____ is around £30, all in.
29. Advertising _____ all but dried up over July and August.
30. The directories secure seven percent of the advertising _____ in Ireland.
Đáp án bài tập vận dụng
Đáp án bài tập 1
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
Đáp án bài tập 2
1. It takes us 30 minutes to review our lesson before class.
2. It takes me two hours each day to do my homework.
3. Jess spends 30 minutes removing her makeup every day.
4. It took me one hour and 40 minutes to watch the “EXIT” movie in the cinema.
5. It took them half an hour to walk to school.
6. It took Son Naeun 5 days to visit Danang.
7. It took her 20 minutes to wash her dog every week.
Đáp án bài tập 3
1. At the same time, credit card companies and hire purchase outfits are queuing up to let us spend money we don’t have yet.
2. It’s not like me or my friends ever had any real money to spend at the mall.
3. Corporate America’s reluctance to spend and hire has been the biggest drag on this lackluster recovery.4.
4. The ten celebrities will spend two weeks in Australia surviving on rice and water.
5. The average spend per child is continuing to rise year-on-year.
6. The total spend on both the games and the advertising for the Third Place campaign is around €3 million.
7. Most of its advertising spend goes to local newspapers, much of it in Britain, and to local radio stations.
8. We had an average spend of 500 euro per year on new books
9. People who spend that much money are looking for a return on their investment.
10. It’s not just a matter of how much money you spend on a film.
11. This has been achieved by increasing customer numbers and their average spend.
12. Health Boards around the country lowered their advertising spend by up to 50 percent in recent months in order to trim costs.
13. We spend a lot of energy trying to be in fashion
14. By now there should be nobody who doesn’t agree that how much money we spend per pupil makes a difference.
15. ‘They spend a lot of time with Bradley and I just filled up when they told me what they were doing,’ she said.
16. Being a board member of our local animal shelter, I know that much of the money we spend on vet services goes to vaccinations.
17. Moreover, the average spend by overseas visitors in the county is significantly less than in other regions.
18. They hire their own publicity people and they go out and spend money on their own too.
19. I’d spend whatever money I had to hire investigators to come down, to follow people, to look at every lead they have.
20. On the weekends, whenever I got paid I would spend all my money in the bar.
21. So adults had more money to spend on goods and services and invest in their families’ education.
22. Microsoft group marketing manager Nick McGrath likens the spend to the amount used in launching a new car.
23. Our hope is that we don’t have to actually spend all the money.
24. Last week the town council passed a motion to spend a day picking up litter around the town.
25. The Government also spent less per person on health in 2001 than the average spend of 30 countries surveyed in the report.
26. This still amounts to an aggregate spend of several million.
27. The company carefully monitors the effectiveness of its advertising spend, and monitors the sites from which punters travel to place bets.
28. While some complaints about London prices, the average spend is around £30, all in.
29. Advertising spent all but dried up over July and August.
30. The directories secure seven percent of the advertising spend in Ireland.
Vậy là chúng ta vừa tìm hiểu xong bài viết Cấu trúc spend time + to v/ Spend time Ving + Bài tập có đáp án cho điểm ngữ pháp này. Hy vọng rằng bài viết trên đã giúp bạn hiểu và sử dụng đúng cấu trúc Spend time trong tiếng Anh, đặc biệt là các bạn đang trong thời gian ôn thi IELTS.
